Turkish state actors have used mainly military means to first suppress the Kurdish rebellions and then to end the PKK violence from 1984 onwards. However, after the AKP came to office in 2002, the government challenged the ...

The implications of technology have been widely acknowledged in international relations. Studies ranging from the causes of war and military effectiveness to terrorism and nuclear proliferation have explored how technology ...

Although most scholars of Turkey’s civil-military relations argue that the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK) insurgency has led to a decrease in civilian control over the Turkish military from the 1980s onwards, this has not ...

1960’lardan itibaren Türk politika yapıcıları Irak’taki Kürt hareketine karşı mesafeli bir tutum takınmış ve benzer olayların Türkiye’de de yaşanmasından kaygı duymuşlardır. Fakat, Türkiye, öncelikle 1990’ların başında, ...

For decades, Turkish policymakers have perceived the possible emergence of a Kurdish autonomous region or an independent Kurdish state in northern Iraq as an existential threat to Turkey. However, from 2008 onwards, under ...

This article explores the major reasons why Turkey could not end the PKK insurgency despite its military defeat in the late 1990s. It argues that Turkish governments have failed to sufficiently address two key aspects of ...

Insurgents often develop international connections and benefit from external assistance from a variety of sources. Support from diaspora communities has long been considered one of the critical external factors in the ...

Türkiye’nin PKK ile mücadelesi ve daha genel olarak Kürt sorunu, 1980’lerden itibaren uluslararası gelişmelerden etkilenen konular olmuştur. 2010’da Tunus’ta başlayan ve kısa zamanda çeşitli Kuzey Afrika ve Orta Doğu ...

Given Iraqi Kurds’ special place in Turkey’s ‘biographical narrative’, Turkey-Iraqi Kurdish Regional Government (KRG) relations are not simply strategic or economic but also highly affectively charged. These relations ...