Atatürk’ün halkçılık ilkesi üzerine bir tartışma: halkçılık mı popülizm mi?
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Tarih
2022-06
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Yerel Yönetim Araştırma Yardım ve Eğitim Derneği (YAYED)
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
Özet
Literatürde üzerinde uzlaşma sağlanamamış bir kavram olan popülizmin bu niteliği, halka çağrı yapan bütün siyasi düşüncelerin popülizm olarak çerçevelenmesi gibi bir sonuca yol açar. Bu da “halkın yegane temsilcisi” ve “halkın kendisi” olma iddiasıyla yola çıkarak, kapsayıcılığı kadar dışlayıcılığı da olan popülizmle, halk lehine bir dönüşüm arzulayan ve halkın çıkarlarını siyasetlerinin merkezine koyan halkçıların arasındaki farkları ortadan kaldırır. Bir de buna Türkçenin konforunda iki kelimenin ayrı ayrı isimlendirilebilmesine karşın, İngilizcede iki kelimenin de aynı şekilde isimlendirilmesinin yarattığı çeviri problemleri eklenince iki kavram arasındaki ayrım ortadan tamamen kalkar. Türkiye’de bu kargaşadan payını alanlar, II. Meşrutiyet’in ardından ortaya çıkan ve Cumhuriyet’le birlikte bu düşüncelerini taçlandıran halkçılar oldular. Popülistlerle aralarında kurumsal, kavramsal, araçsal ve amaca dönük olarak birçok fark bulunmasına rağmen Osmanlı-Türk halkçıları, bu ayrımlar gözden kaçırılarak popülist olarak isimlendirildi. Dolayısıyla bu çalışma, literatürdeki bu kargaşayı gözler önüne sererken, aynı zamanda popülizm ve halkçılık arasına Atatürk’ün düşünce dünyası ve halkçılık pratiklerini ortaya koyarak literatüre katkı sunmaya amaçlar.
This feature of populism that is a concept on which no consensus has been reached in the literature, causes to the conclusion that all political ideas calling for the public are framed as populism. This eliminates the differences between populism, which is inclusive as well as exclusionary, claiming to be "the only representative of the people" and " to be the people themselves", and peopleists (halkçılar), who desire a transformation in favor of the people and put the interests of the people at the center of their politics. In addition, although two words can be coded separately in the comfort of Turkish, the difference between the two concepts disappears when the translation problems created by naming the two words in the same way in English are added. Those who took their share of this turmoil in Turkey were the peopleists (halkçılar) who appeared after the Second Constitutional Monarchy and developed their ideas with the Republic. Even though there were many institutional, conceptual, instrumental and purpose-oriented differences between them and the populists, the Ottoman-Turkish peopleists (halkçılar) were named as populists by overlooking these distinctions. Therefore, while this study reveals this confusion in the literature, it also aims to contribute to the literatüre by revealing Atatürk's world of thought and populism practices between populism and peopleism (halçılık).
This feature of populism that is a concept on which no consensus has been reached in the literature, causes to the conclusion that all political ideas calling for the public are framed as populism. This eliminates the differences between populism, which is inclusive as well as exclusionary, claiming to be "the only representative of the people" and " to be the people themselves", and peopleists (halkçılar), who desire a transformation in favor of the people and put the interests of the people at the center of their politics. In addition, although two words can be coded separately in the comfort of Turkish, the difference between the two concepts disappears when the translation problems created by naming the two words in the same way in English are added. Those who took their share of this turmoil in Turkey were the peopleists (halkçılar) who appeared after the Second Constitutional Monarchy and developed their ideas with the Republic. Even though there were many institutional, conceptual, instrumental and purpose-oriented differences between them and the populists, the Ottoman-Turkish peopleists (halkçılar) were named as populists by overlooking these distinctions. Therefore, while this study reveals this confusion in the literature, it also aims to contribute to the literatüre by revealing Atatürk's world of thought and populism practices between populism and peopleism (halçılık).
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Popülizm, Halkçılık, Kemalizm, Narodnizm, Solidarizm, Populism, Peopleism (Halkçılık), Kemalizm, Narodnism, Solidarism
Kaynak
Memleket Siyaset Yönetim
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Q4
Cilt
17
Sayı
37
Künye
Yılmaz, O. A. (2022). Atatürk’ün halkçılık ilkesi üzerine bir tartışma: halkçılık mı popülizm mi?. Memleket Siyaset Yönetim, 17(37), 143-170.
