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Yayın The role of cross-group friendships, outgroup perspective-taking, and ingroup identification on competitive victimhood beliefs(Turkish Psychologists Association, 2021-12) Bağcı, Sabahat Çiğdem; Piyale, Zeynep Ecem; Karaköse, Selin; Şen, EzgiIn conflict-ridden societies, both groups often believe that they are the sole undeserved victim of the conflict. The current study aimed to examine Turkish and Kurdish ethnic group members’ competitive victimhood beliefs in the context of intergroup contact theory and investigate whether two social-psychological variables – outgroup perspective-taking and ingroup identification – significantly mediated this association. The sample consisted of 234 participants (142 Turkish and 92 Kurdish; 152 Females, 81 Males, 1 Unknown; Mage = 22.39, SD = 3.96). Participants completed online surveys including demographic information, and measures of intergroup contact (cross-group friendship quality), outgroup perspective-taking, ingroup identification, and competitive victimhood beliefs. Findings demonstrated that the quality of cross-group friendships was negatively associated with competitive victimhood beliefs and as expected this association was significantly mediated by increased outgroup perspective-taking and decreased ingroup identification. Results imply the need to study intergroup contact and competitive victimhood beliefs simultaneously to facilitate the understanding of reconciliation processes in conflictual intergroup relationships.Yayın Collective victimhood beliefs among majority and minority groups: Links to ingroup and outgroup attitudes and attribution of responsibility for conflict(Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2018-09) Bağcı Hemşinlioğlu, Sabahat Çiğdem; Piyale, Zeynep Ecem; Karaköse Çelik, Selin; Şen, EzgiWe examined perceived ingroup and outgroup victimhood beliefs across group status and how these were uniquely associated with ingroup and outgroup attitudes and attribution of responsibility among majority (Turkish, N = 141) and minority (Kurdish, N = 86) group members in Turkey. We further explored whether the extent to which collective victimhood beliefs were shared via ingroup and outgroup members predicted our dependent measures beyond the subjective perception of ingroup victimhood. Findings showed that both groups perceived higher ingroup victimhood compared to outgroup victimhood and this difference was more pronounced among the minority group. Perceived outgroup victimhood beliefs, compared to ingroup victimhood beliefs, were more closely related to intergroup outcomes, and led to more positive outgroup and more negative ingroup outcomes. Both groups shared collective victimhood beliefs more with their ingroup friends than their outgroup friends and ingroup sharing of collective victimhood was a stronger predictor of intergroup outcomes, relating to more positive ingroup and more negative outgroup outcomes. Outgroup sharing of collective victimhood was related to more positive outgroup attitudes and lower ingroup responsibility among the Turkish group, whereas it was not related to outgroup attitudes and negatively related to ingroup attribution of responsibility among the Kurdish group. Practical and theoretical implications of the findings were discussed.Yayın Beyond shifting intergroup attitudes: Intergroup contact's association with socio-cognitive skills and group-based ideologies(Wiley, 2019-07-01) Bağcı Hemşinlioğlu, Sabahat Çiğdem; Piyale, Zeynep Ecem; Şen, Ezgi; Yıldırım, OsmanWe investigated intergroup contact’s cognitively liberalizing function by testing it’s association with socio?cognitive skills (perspective?taking and empathy skills, and cognitive flexibility) and group?based ideologies (ethnocentrism and social dominance orientation [SDO]) among a majority (Turks) and minority (Kurds) status group (total N = 483). We further examined whether these relationships were provided by contact’s primary intergroup function—more positive attitudes toward the contacted group. Multigroup structural equation modeling analyses demonstrated that high quality cross?group friendships were directly and negatively related to both ethnocentrism and SDO among the minority group. These associations were mediated by positive outgroup attitudes among the majority group. For both groups, perspective? taking and empathy were significantly predicted by lower levels of ethnocentrism and SDO. Contact also indirectly led to higher cognitive flexibility among both groups. Findings highlight the need to explore more extensively contact’s psychological outcomes at the individual level, beyond changing outgroup attitudes.
