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Yayın Underemployment in the Turkish labor market(Sosyoekonomi Derneği, 2017-07-31) Susanlı, Zehra BilgenUsing individual-level data from Household Labor Force Surveys for the period 2009-2015, this paper examines the determinants of underemployment in the sample of wage and salary earners in Turkey. Findings from Probit estimations indicate that the effect of gender on the likelihood of underemployment is not statistically significant, and there is a negative association between educational attainment and the likelihood of underemployment. Within the group of higher educated individuals, there are important differences across fields of study.Yayın Allocation of parents’ time to child care among Turkish families: evidence from Time-Use Survey(Sosyal Bilimler Araştırmaları Derneği, 2014-06-01) Susanlı, Zehra BilgenThis paper focuses on the time parents allocate to child care using data from the Turkish Time Use Survey 2006 in order to examine the determinants of parental time investment in child care. Findings from Tobit analysis indicate that number of children of either gender has no effect on the minutes fathers spend on child care which suggests the lack of parental preferences in time allocation. However, number of children of both genders is found to be positively associated with mothers’ time use. Results also suggest that mother’s education is positively and significantly associated with minutes both parents spend taking care of children. For both parents, we find no evidence of association between time investment and household resources.Yayın Unemployment and homeownership in Turkey: a preliminary analysis(Işık Üniversitesi Yayınları, 2023-04-10) Susanlı, Zehra BilgenUsing individual-level data, this paper aims to explore the link between homeownership and unemployment in Turkey. The Oswald hypothesis states that high homeownership is detrimental to labor market outcomes by restricting the geographical mobility of job searchers. Micro-evidence, however, indicates that homeowners have relatively favorable labor market outcomes. In contrast with the existing micro literature, the findings of this study are in favor of the Oswald hypothesis for the positive link between homeownership and unemployment probability.Yayın Firing regulations and firm size in the developing world: evidence from differential enforcement(Wiley-Blackwell, 2012-11) Almeida, Rita K.; Susanlı, Zehra BilgenThis paper examines how stringent de facto firing regulations affect firm size throughout the developing world. A large firm level dataset is used across 63 countries and within country variation in the enforcement of the labor codes in countries with very different de jure firing regulations is explored. The findings strongly suggest that firms facing a stricter enforcement of firing regulations are on average smaller. This finding is interpreted as supportive of the fact that more stringent de facto firing regulations tend to reduce average employment. Robust evidence is found that this effect is stronger for more labor intensive manufacturing firms, especially those operating in low-technology sectors. Evidence also shows that this negative correlation does not hold in countries with a very weak rule of law.Yayın Youth unemployment in Turkey(IGI Global, 2016-12-28) Susanlı, Zehra BilgenThis book chapter describes the recent trends in youth unemployment in Turkey by taking into account the causes of unemployment, and the job search methods of the unemployed. Analyses reveal interesting insights. First, inactivity among youth remains high despite the steep decline in the NEET rate during the last decade. Across age groups and genders, females aged between 20 and 24 have the highest NEET rates. Second, there is a widening gender unemployment gap which underscores gender differences in access to jobs. Third, unemployment rates increase consistently with the level of education. Fourth, while temporary jobs coming to an end is the most common reason for unemployment reported by males, a substantial share of unemployed females is first-time jobs-seekers. As far as policymaking is concerned, education policies as well as timely and well-designed training and job assistance programs are essential for facilitating the youth's entry into stable employment.Yayın Gender and household education expenditure in Turkey(Eurasian Business & Economics Soc., 2013) Susanlı, Zehra BilgenThis paper investigates how the share of education expenditure in the household budget varies across Turkish households with different gender-age composition of children. Using household level data from Household Budget Surveys over the period 2004 - 2008, I find no evidence for a pro-male bias. Results suggest that a pro-female bias at the secondary school level emerged in 2006 which is in line with declining gender gaps in enrolment at the secondary school level. Findings in both urban and rural areas suggest that Turkish households do not favor boys in the allocation of education expenditures. To the contrary, in 2006 girls of secondary school age group receive more educational resources than boys of the same age group. This may be explained by the effect of both education and textbook assistance campaigns. Further research is needed to make other labor market oriented explanations.Yayın Life satisfaction and unemployment in Turkey: evidence from Life Satisfaction Surveys 2004–2013(Springer Netherlands, 2018-01-01) Susanlı, Zehra BilgenThis paper has three purposes. First, it explores the relationship between unemployment and well-being in Turkey using data from Life Satisfaction Surveys for the period between 2004 and 2013. Second, it examines to what extent joblessness at the household level interacts with own unemployment. Third, it tests whether the negative effect of unemployment on well-being varies with individuals’ own perceptions of their labor market prospects. Consistent with the other studies in the literature, findings indicate that the unemployed experience significantly lower levels of life satisfaction than the employed. While the results do not provide support for the social norm effect at the household level, they do indicate that that the impact of labor market status on well-being varies with the job prospects. There is also suggestive evidence that women and men are similarly affected by unemployment and job prospects.Yayın Child domestic labour and mothers' employment in Turkey(Taylor and Francis, 2016-01-01) Susanlı, Zehra Bilgen; İnanç Tunçer, Özlem; Koloğlugil, Serhat; Koloğlugil, SerhatThis paper takes an initial step in studying the determinants of child domestic labour and its relationship with mothers' employment in Turkey. We focus on children that are responsible for performing the domestic chores in their households. Using household level data from Demographic and Health Survey (2003), we find that the probability of child domestic labour is greater if the oldest child in the household is female; and this is stronger in rural areas. We also find that the likelihood of child domestic labour decreases with parental education. Our findings also suggest that the unobservable factors that increase the probability that a mother works increases the probability of child domestic labour in urban areas, but the opposite is true for rural areas.
