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Yayın The relationship between a mother's attitude toward domestic violence and children's schooling outcomes in Turkey(Sage Publications Inc, 2014-09) Rende, SevinçThis study explores the relationship between a mother's attitude toward domestic violence and her children's schooling outcomes in Turkey. The sample is drawn from the 2003 Turkish Demographic and Health Survey and consists of 7,951 children within the ages of legally mandated compulsory education. A probit regression model is used to analyze the data. The results suggest that the daughters of mothers who find domestic violence acceptable are 2.6 percentage point less likely to enroll in school, all else being equal, than the daughters of mothers who do not tolerate abuse. In comparison, the schooling outcomes of male children are not statistically sensitive to the mother's attitude toward wife beating. The policy implications of the results are discussed.Yayın The effect of academic inbreeding on scientific effectiveness(Springer, 2011-09) İnanç Tunçer, Özlem; Tunçer, OnurIn academia, the term "inbreeding'' refers to a situation wherein PhDs are employed in the very same institution that trained them during their doctoral studies. Academic inbreeding has a negative perception on the account that it damages both scientific effectiveness and productivity. In this article, the effect of inbreeding on scientific effectiveness is investigated through a case study. This problem is addressed by utilizing Hirsch index as a reliable metric of an academic's scientific productivity. Utilizing the dataset, constructed with academic performance indicators of individuals from the Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering Departments, of the Turkish Technical Universities, we demonstrate that academic inbreeding has a negative impact on apparent scientific effectiveness through a negative binomial model. This model appears to be the most suitable one for the dataset which is a type of count data. We report chi-square statistics and likelihood ratio test for the parameter alpha. According to the chi-square statistics the model is significant as a whole. The incidence rate ratio for the variable "inbreeding'' is estimated to be 0.11 and this ratio tells that, holding all the other factors constant, for the inbred faculty, the h-index is about 89% lower when compared to the non-inbred faculty. Furthermore, there exists negative and statistically significant correlation with an individual's productivity and the percentage of inbred faculty members at the very same department. Excessive practice of inbreeding adversely affects the overall productivity. Decision makers are urged to limit this practice to a minimum in order to foster a vibrant research environment. Furthermore, it is also found that scientific productivity of an individual decreases towards the end of his scientific career.Yayın CSR and social marketing as enablers of recovery after the global recession: the Turkish banking industry(IGI Global, 2016-12-21) Gül, Mısra Çağla; Kaytaz, MehmetCorporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a relatively new concept in Turkey. Leading companies including banks stress socially responsible activities in their marketing communications. The recent economic crisis put banks into the center stage again. Turkey was one of the few countries that emerged from the economic downturn relatively quickly. In the initial stages of the crisis, banks faced some criticism for protecting their self-interest more and not acting for the benefit of the society. Later, these criticisms got weaker and less frequent. This chapter examines the behavior of banks during the crisis with respect to CSR and social marketing. Particularly, the chapter analyzes how the banks behaved during the crisis and how they supported small and medium scale enterprises and local communities through CSR strategies, as well as how they utilized CSR efforts as a marketing tool. In addition, the outcome of these strategies is discussed.Yayın What would normalisation of economic relations between Mashrek countries, Turkey and Israel imply?(Blackwell, 2007-04) Tovias, Alfred; Kalaycıoğlu, Sema; Dafni, Inon; Ruben, Ester; Herman, LiorThis article examines the potential for economic cooperation among Mashrek countries, Turkey and Israel in the fields of trade in goods and services both separately and across-field. It first describes the macroeconomic features of the region and then estimates the overall potential for inter-industry trade in goods by estimating gravity equations for each country separately and the potential for intra-industry trade using Grubel-Lloyd indices. The article also examines the potential for trade in specific services, namely information and computer technology, transport, financial and health services.Yayın Venture capital and business angels: Turkish case(Elsevier Science BV, 2016) Teker, Suat; Teker, DilekVenture capital (VC) may be defined as a support to entrepreneurial talents and appetite by turning ideas and basic science into products and services which are expected to envy the world. Although venture capitalists and business angels supply external funding for risky investments, the aspects of venture capitalists and business angels are different approaching the investment candidates. Business angels in the last decade have become undispansible players providing external capital for risky start-ups and contributing technological advancements and economic growth. Business angels could be either private wealth individuals or institutional venture capitalists. Private angels invest their own money that's why their invested capacity are limited while venture capitalists invest others'money with an extensive source. This research examines the the way of doing business for venture capitalists and business angels. Furthermore, venture capital market and business angels are reviewed for the Turkish case.Yayın A threefold empirical analysis of the relationship between regional income inequality and water equity using Tapio decoupling model, WPAT equation, and the local dissimilarity index: evidence from Bulgaria(Springer-Verlag GmbH, 2021-01) Taşbaşı, AslıThis study utilizes a threefold empirical analysis in order to examine the relationship between income and water equity in Bulgaria, the fastest shrinking country in the world in terms of population, and the most unequal member of the EU in terms of regional income distribution. First, in line with this goal, the income elasticity of regional water demand in the country is calculated using the Tapio decoupling model. Second, the WPAT equation which measures the weighted impacts of population, per capita income and intensity on water demand, is utilized. And finally, using the local dissimilarity index, spatial differences in access to water by region are measured. Underscoring the essence of regional level analyses based on specific decomposed subgroups, findings are thus compatible with the economic and demographic characteristics of the regions handled in the study. In the northern regions where income and population levels are relatively low, during periods when income and water demand both increase, the rise in water demand is usually higher than the increase in income; conversely, when income decreases, the water demand also falls. The effect of population dominates the changes in water demand in the northern regions, with the exception of the Northwestern Region, where water intensity is the leading factor, possibly because the Balkans’ largest nuclear power plant is located in the region. In the southern regions where income is higher, income has been the most important determinant of water demand, particularly in recent years.Yayın The importance of trade costs in deviations from the law-of-one-price: estimates based on the direction of trade(Wiley-Blackwell, 2012-07) İnanç Tunçer, Özlem; Zachariadis, MariosThe full impact of trade costs in segmenting product markets cannot be captured by considering aggregate prices or in the absence of information on the direction of trade. We address this problem by utilizing product-specific prices, cross-sectional productivity indices, and bilateral trade flows, allowing us to identify the probable source of any one product. We show that trade costs in the form of transportation and distribution costs are important in determining international price differences and segmenting international markets. Physical distance relative to the origin has a precisely estimated positive impact on international deviations from the Law-of-One-Price that is larger than estimates that do not account for the origin of each product. Based on our benchmark estimates, the price elasticity of distance was around 10% in 1990.Yayın Financial performance of top 20 airlines(Elsevier Science BV, 2016) Teker, Suat; Teker, Dilek; Güner, AyşegülThis empricial research article intends to analyse the financial performance of the top 20 airlines in the Word for the period of year 2011 and 2014. In order to measure the financial performance of the airlines on a uniqie base, an hormonic index is propesed by considering performance areas of profitability, operating, efficiency and liquidity. Next, each performance area is defined by using a various of performance ratios. Finally, all airlines companies examined are listed by their harmonic index scores. The total assets of the 20 biggest airlines are amounted over $457 billion in 2014 and Delta Airlines with an assest size of $54 billion is the biggest ailines. On the other hand, the highest revenue generated by Luftansa in 2011, 2012 and 2013 over $40 billion per year The empricial results show that the worst scores of harmonic index refer American Airlines in 2011, Soutwest in 2012, China Eastern Airlines in 2013 and Quantas Airways in 2014, while the best scores of harmonic index point Delta in 2011, Hainan Airlines in 2012 and EasyJet in 2013 and 2014. This analysis supports that the measurement of financial performance based upon total revenuue or profitability is somehow weak and may be extented by including other indicators.Yayın Anti-tobacco control industry strategies in Turkey(BioMed Central Ltd, 2018-02-26) Keklik, Seda; Gültekin Karakas, DeryaBackground: Transnational tobacco companies (TTCs) penetrated the Turkish cigarette market due to trade and investment liberalization in the post-1980 period and eventually secured full control. Despite tobacco control policies put in place in reaction to accelerating consumption, TTCs reinforced their market power through a variety of strategies. This paper explores industry strategies that counteract tobacco control policies in Turkey. Methods: The study employs both qualitative and quantitative analyses to explore industry strategies in Turkey. Besides the content analyses of industry and market reports, descriptive analyses were conducted for the sub-periods of 1999-2015. The analyses focus on the market strategies of product innovation, advertisement-promotion, cost management and pricing. Results: Rising sales of low tar, ultra-low tar, slim, super-slim and flavoured cigarettes indicate that product innovation served to sustain consumption. Besides, the tobacco industry, using its strong distribution channels, the Internet, and CSR projects, were found to have promoted smoking indirectly. The industry also rationalized manufacturing facilities and reduced the cost of tobacco, making Turkey a cigarette-manufacturing base. Tobacco manufacturers, moreover, offered cigarettes in different price segments and adjusted net prices both up and down according to price categories and market conditions. In response to the successful effect of shifts in price margins, the market share of mid-priced cigarettes expanded while those within the economy category maintained the highest market share. As a result of pricing strategies, net sales revenues increased. Aside from official cigarette sales, the upward trends in the registered and unregistered sales of cigarette substitutes indicate that the demand-side tobacco control efforts remain inadequate. Conclusions: The Turkish case reveals that the resilience of the tobacco industry vis-a-vis mainstream tobacco control efforts necessitates a new policy perspective. Rising market concentration by TTCs and the global nature of industry strategies require that the highly profitable manufacturing and trade of tobacco products should be discouraged on a basis of international collaboration. To reduce and eventually eradicate tobacco consumption, supply-side tobacco control measures are needed along with demand-side policies.Yayın How globalized is the Turkish economy?(Int organization center acad research, 2014-02-03) Şen Taşbaşı, AslıThis paper aims at analyzing the economic dimension of the pace of globalization for Turkey by using the KOF Index of Globalization between the years 2005 and 2012. Indices and variables to be taken into consideration are classified into two sub-categories as data on actual flows and data on restrictions. Data on actual flows include foreign trade, foreign direct investment, stocks, portfolio investment, and income payments to foreign nationals. Hidden import barriers, mean tariff rate, taxes on international trade and capital account restrictions are the variables which will be assessed while evaluating the economic restrictions. The paper is finally going to compare and discuss alternative globalization measures.
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