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Yayın Municipal Economic Enterprises vs. State Economic Enterprises: a new arena for employment patronage?(DİSK Birleşik Metal-İş, 2020-05-14) Oğuz, Ahmet Bünyan; Soykut Sarıca, Yeşim Pınar; Taşbaşı, AslıState Economic Enterprises (SEEs) have been going through a privatization process, which began in the 1980s, increasing its pace since the 2000s. Against this trend, some argue that Municipal Economic Enterprises (MEEs) are being used to create employment with populist policy intentions in recent years. These argument rests on the perception that the MEEs have replaced the SEEs in using employment as an instrument for populist policies. The purpose of this study is to compare the populist policies during the years 2003-2015 which mark the timeline that privatization took speed, by means of the employment provided through the municipality in contrast to the employment policies of the previous governments, realized through SEEs. Theoretical approach of the study is based on Gramsci’s theory of hegemony, which includes the key concepts of patronage, clientelism and social state. Research findings within the limitation of data unavailability suggest that, MEEs do not have a significant potential for populist policies by means of employment patronage. On the other hand, since MEEs manage their operations by means of outsourcing, subcontracting and tenders to private sector companies, one can suggest that there is a potential clientelism relation between them and their service providers.Yayın Social responses to Turkey’s recent economic crises of 2008-2010(Istanbul University, 2012-11-25) Soykut Sarıca, Yeşim PınarThe objective of this article is to discuss how the labor market can respond to challenges facing enterprises and workers during the crisis as well as the key ingredients of overcoming the crisis. Responses may be both of a macro and micro character. Following some introductory remarks, micro-level decent responses are introduced first. This is followed by examining national (macro) responses to the crisis, including financial and fiscal policy measures, labor market initiatives and social dialogue. The need for, and possibility of, coordinating through mutual adjustment at the national level increase especially in times of crisis, as the stakeholders come to recognize the necessity for system-wide solutions. Also, achieving consensus and comprehensiveness become more possible at higher levels. Thus, in the final analysis, stimulating economic recovery is important in making labor market adjustments with a view to prevent social crises and promote social cohesion, but the importance of taking adequate firm-level (using the terminology of the International Labor Office) “decent”, measures should not be overlooked either.
