İİSBF - Makale Koleksiyonu | Psikoloji Bölümü / Department of Psychology

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https://hdl.handle.net/11729/4894

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EMDR Flash technique in adolescents with depression: a twelve-week follow-up study
(Sage Publications Inc, 2024-07) İnci İzmir, Sevim Berrin; Çitil Akyol, Canan
This study aims to investigate the specific effects of the EMDR Flash Technique on adolescents with depression. This follow-up study consists of 32 adolescents, 12-17 years of age (M = 14.34, SD = 1.56), including 7 males and 25 females. They were evaluated with Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children Present, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Children Revised Impact of Event Scale-8 (Cries-8). These were administered at baseline, at the end of the 4th and 12th weeks of treatment. The EMDR Flash Technique which can be utilized in the preparation phase of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) to reduce the intensity of highly distressing memories rapidly and relatively painlessly was applied for 12 weeks, one session per week as a free-standing intervention. Also, the EMDR Flash Technique can be effective in decreasing the rate of noncompliance and drop-outs of adolescents. The baseline means of total BDI scores decreased from 48.19 to 2.16 at the end of the 12th week of treatment. Also, the CRIES scores decreased from 31.78 to 0.44 at the end of the 12th week of treatment. In addition, the baseline means of SUD scores decreased from 9.53 to zero at the end of the 12th week of treatment. Overall, our results underscore the effectiveness of the EMDR-Flash Technique in adolescents with depression. Depression is a significant mental health concern for adolescents due to its early onset and chronic nature. Depression can be observed in conjunction with PTSD, and sometimes, depressive symptoms may transform into traumatic experiences. EMDR is an 8-stage protocol that includes history taking, preparation, assessment, desensitization, installation, body scan, closure, and reevaluation, used to alleviate the effects of traumatic experiences. It is hypothesized that unpleasant and traumatic events are stored in a dysfunctional way, and it promotes an adaptive processing and resolution of the traumatic experience. The goal of EMDR is to achieve an adequate processing of negative experiences and to create new adaptive information. The EMDR Flash Technique (FT) is utilized in the preparation phase of EMDR to reduce the intensity of highly distressing memories rapidly and relatively painlessly. Although a few studies have shown that the FT is effective in adults, there is only one study to investigate the effectiveness of the FT in children and adolescents. This research, in determining the efficacy of the EMDR FT on adolescents with depression, particularly focused on depression symptoms and assessed the observed changes in these symptoms. It aims to evaluate the specific effects of EMDR-FT on adolescents with depression, providing a unique perspective compared to previous research that has mainly focused on broader mental health disorder indicators. It is hypothesized that EMDR-FT is an effective therapy for treating adolescents with Depression. In the present study, adolescents with depression showed significant improvements in symptom severity and their traumatic events impact levels decreased. As a result of our study, a 12-week EMDR-FT treatment was observed to be effective for adolescents with depression and in reducing and improving traumatic stress levels and depression. Our results underscore the effectiveness of the EMDR-FT in adolescents with depression.
Assessing the mediating relationships between psychological factors in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and cognitive disengagement syndrome
(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2024-04) İnci İzmir, Sevim Berrin; Aktan, Zekeriya Deniz; Ercan, Eyüp Sabri
This study aims to investigate the predictive and mediating relationships between emotion dysregulation, internalizing disorders, family functionality, loneliness preference, and executive functions (EF) in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and cognitive disengagement syndrome (ADHD + CDS). This study included 176 children and adolescents (92 boys, 84 girls) who were diagnosed with ADHD + CDS according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, the Fifth Edition criteria by a fellowship-trained child and adolescent psychiatrist, between ages 8 -12 (M = 10, SD = 1.52) with a convenience sampling method. The solitude scale for children, difficulties in emotion dysregulation scale, Child Behavior Checklist, Barkley Sluggish Cognitive Tempo Scale, Family assessment device, and CNS Vital Signs test were used. The results showed that difficulty in emotion regulation, preference for loneliness, internalizing disorders and CDS symptom severity did not have a mediating effect between family functionality and EF. Still, emotion dysregulation mediates the relationship between EF and internalizing disorders by itself and through loneliness preference. Also, preference for loneliness and emotion dysregulation had a mediating effect between family functionality and internalizing disorders. Finally, it was found that the effect of emotion regulation difficulty, loneliness preference, and internalizing disorders had a mediating role between CDS symptom severity and family functionality. In conclusion, the information obtained from this study on the etiology of CDS may guide future studies.
Annelerin psikolojik dayanıklılığının ve duygu sosyalleştirme stratejilerinin çocukların duygu düzenleme becerileri üzerindeki rolü
(Galenos Publishing House, 2024-03) Gürses, Dilara; Aktan, Zekeriya Deniz; Ülkümen, İpek
Amaç: Bu araştırma, 48-72 aylık çocuklara sahip annelerin psikolojik dayanıklılık puanları ile duygu sosyalleştirme stratejileri puanlarının, bazı sosyodemografik değişkenler kontrol edikten sonra çocuklarının duygu düzenleme becerileri üzerindeki yordayıcı rolünü incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Kartopu ve kolayda örnekleme yöntemi ile ulaşılan, 48-72 aylık çocuğu olan 659 anne ile yapılan araştırmada veriler, Sosyodemografik Bilgi Formu, Duygu Düzenleme Ölçeği, Çocukların Olumsuz Duygularıyla Başa Çıkma Ölçeği ve Erişkin Yılmazlık Ölçeği aracılığıyla gönüllülük esasına göre çevrimiçi olarak toplanmıştır. Bu araştırma ilişkisel tarama modeline dayanan kesitsel bir çalışmadır. Bulgular: Analiz sonuçlarına göre, annelerin psikolojik dayanıklılık puanları çocukların duygu düzenleme becerilerini pozitif yönde anlamlı düzeyde (?=0,279; p<0,01); annelerin destekleyici duygu sosyalleştirme stratejileri puanları çocukların duygu düzenleme becerilerini pozitif yönde anlamlı düzeyde (?=0,220; p<0,01); annelerin destekleyici olmayan duygu sosyalleştirme stratejileri puanları çocukların duygu düzenleme becerilerini negatif yönde anlamlı düzeyde (?=-0,260; p<0,01) yordamaktadır. Çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizi sonuçlarında ise çocuk cinsiyeti ve ailedeki çocuk sayısı sosyodemografik değişkenleri kontrol edildikten sonra, annenin psikolojik dayanıklılığı, destekleyici ve destekleyici olmayan duygu sosyalleştirme stratejileri puanlarının, duygu düzenleme puanlarının anlamlı yordayıcıları olduğu bulunmuştur (p<0,01). Sonuç: Bu bulgular annenin psikolojik dayanıklılığının ve annelerin kullandıkları duygu sosyalleştirme stratejilerinin çocuğun duygusal gelişimi üzerindeki önemini göstermektedir. Dolayısıyla çocukların duygu düzenleme becerilerini geliştirmeye yönelik terapötik müdahale ve programlara annelerin de dahil edilmesinin terapi verimliliğini artırabileceği düşünülmektedir. Aynı zamanda araştırma bulgularının, ebeveynin psikolojik dayanıklılığı ve duygu sosyalleştirme stratejileri ile duygu düzenleme becerileri arasındaki ilişkiyi ortaya koyarak literatüre ışık tutacağına inanılmaktadır.
The relationship between marital satisfaction and depression: The mediation effect of housewife burn
(Wiley, 2023-12) Ulusoy, Ayşe Nehir; Karaköse, Selin
[No abstract available]
The relationship between children's and parents' technology use and children's emotional development
(Wiley, 2023-12) Ögel Balaban, Hale; Altan, Şebnem
[No abstract available]
Development and validation of the physical distancing behavior scale: a study based on the integrated behavior model
(Lut TAMAM, 2023-12-29) Ünver, Buket; Şen, Esin Temeloğlu; Gücin, Nuray Öner
This paper aims to develop a comprehensive scale within the framework of the Integrated Behavior Model (IBM), which is recommended for the protection of public health during the Covid-19 pandemic period and is the leading physical distancing behavior among health behaviors. Within the scope of the study, an item pool consisting of a total of 109 items was created and the first item analysis was performed in the pilot sample (N= 100). At the end of the pilot study, Physical Distancing Behavior Scale (PDBS) was developed, comprising a total of 39 items. This scale consisted of instrumental attitude, experiential attitude, subjective norms, perceived control, self-efficacy, environmental constraints, knowledge habit, intention, and behavior structures. Af-terwards, Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was applied to 322 participants (age: 36.48) resulting in 21 items and five structures including instrumental attitude, experiential attitude, perceived control, self-efficacy, and knowledge. After factor structures according to EFA had been formed, a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was conducted on 472 participants (age: 36,99). The CFA results confirmed 4 constructs consisting of 19 items which are instrumental attitude, experiential attitude, perceived control, and self-efficacy (RMSEA=0.057, GFI=0.93, CFI=0.94, NFI=0.90, X2/df=2.51), Cronbach’s alpha scores of all sub-scales varied between 0.68-0.85. The results revealed that physical distancing behavior has been evaluated through the instrumental attitude, experi-ential attitude, perceived control, and self-efficacy constructs of IBM. In future studies, the scale may also need to be tested with different model studies. As regards the modeling studies that used this scale, examining diffe-rent samples could guide community-based intervention programs.
Interpretative phenomenological analysis of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adolescents
(Lut TAMAM, 2023-12-29) Köroğlu, Arif Erdem; Aktan, Zekeriya Deniz
Current research on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is generally based on quantitative methodology. This indicates a lack of information on how ADHD individuals explain this phenomenon, and what they experience. The aim of this research is to reveal how attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is experienced in adolescents and how adolescents explain this phenomenon. The participants in this study were ten adolescents aged 11-18 who were diagnosed with ADHD and did not have a comorbid diagnosis. Participants were interviewed through a semi-structured interview form. The interviews were conducted and recorded on an online platform, and a transcript of the voice recording of each participant was then created. The texts obtained from the transcripts were analyzed with an interpretative phenomenological analysis. As a result of the analysis, the following themes were found: Academic difficulty, normalizing and affirming the diagnosis, living with undesirable emotions and behaviors, and negative social experiences. The findings reveal that the ADHD-related experiences of adolescents and their explanations for the ADHD diagnosis are not of a single nature. Instead, they were also perceived in a positive light as well as negative. The results reveal that the awareness of professionals and families who have contact with ADHD-diagnosed adolescents should be raised, and interventional and motivational programs directed at ADHD treatment-related negative experiences of adolescents can be organized.
The relationships of neuropsychological factors and loneliness preference in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and cognitive disengagement syndrome
(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023-12) İzmir, Sevim Berrin İnci; Aktan, Zekeriya Deniz; Ercan, Eyüp Sabri
This study aimed to examine emotion dysregulation and internalizing disorders mediating the relationship between selective and sustained attention and loneliness preference in children diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and Cognitive Disengagement Syndrome (CDS). This study included 176 children and adolescents between ages 8 and 12. The solitude scale for children, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, Child Behavior Checklist, Barkley Sluggish Cognitive Tempo Scale, and CNS Vital Signs test were used. The results suggest that difficulties in emotion regulation and having an internalizing disorder had a mediating effect between difficulties in selective attention and preference for the loneliness of children with ADHD + CDS. Also, it was likely that the association between sustained attention and preference for loneliness is mediated by internalizing disorders. The results suggest that the social problems commonly exhibited by children with ADHD + CDS may be related to deficits in sustained and selective attention.
An examination of predictors regarding the physical distancing behavior: a study from Turkish sample
(Hogrefe AG-Hogrefe AG Suisse, 2023-10) Temeloğlu Şen, esin; Ünver, Buket; Oner Gucin, Nuray
[No abstract available]
Attitudes of psychiatrists towards people with mental illness: a cross-sectional, multicentre study of stigma in 32 European countries
(Elsevier Ltd, 2023-12) Őri, Dorottya; Szocsics, Péter; Molnár, Tamás; Bankovska Motlova, Lucie; Kazakova, Olga; Mörkl, Sabrina; Wallies, Michael; Abdulhakim, Mohamed; Boivin, Sylvie; Bruna, Krista; Cabaços, Carolina; Carbone, Elvira Anna; Dashi, Elona; Grech, Giovanni; Greguras, Stjepan; Ivanovic, Iva; Guevara, Kaloyan; Kakar, Selay; Kotsis, Konstantinos; Ingeholm Klinkby, Ida Maria; Maslak, Jovana; Matheiken, Shevonne; Mirkovic, Ana; Nechepurenko, Nikita; Panayi, Angelis; Pereira, Ana Telma Fernandes; Pomarol-Clotet, Edith; Raaj, Shaeraine; Prelog, Polona Rus; Soler-Vidal, Joan; Strumila, Robertas; Schuster, Florian; Kisand, Helena; Reim, Ann; Ahmadova, Gumru; Vircik, Matus; Yılmaz Kafalı, Helin; Grinko, Natalia; Győrffy, Zsuzsa; Rózsa,Sándor
Background: Mental health-related stigma occurs among the public and professionals alike. The lived experience of mental illness has been linked to less stigmatising attitudes. However, data on psychiatrists and the relationship between stigmatising attitudes and psychotherapeutic activity or case discussion groups remains scarce. Methods: A cross-sectional multicentre study was performed in 32 European countries to investigate the lived experiences and attitudes of psychiatrists toward patients with mental illness as well as the relationship between stigma, psychosocial and professional factors. The self-reported, anonymous, internet-based Opening Minds Stigma Scale for Health Care Providers was used to measure the stigmatising attitudes. The survey was translated into the local language of each participating country. All participants were practising specialists and trainees in general adult or child and adolescent psychiatry. The study took place between 2nd October, 2019 and 9th July, 2021 and was preregistered at ClinicalTrial.gov (NCT04644978). Findings: A total of 4245 psychiatrists completed the survey. The majority, 2797 (66%), had completed training in psychiatry, and 3320 (78%) worked in adult psychiatry. The final regression model showed that across European countries more favourable attitudes toward people with mental illness were statistically significantly associated with the lived experience of participants (including seeking help for their own mental health conditions (d = ?0.92, 95% confidence interval (CI) = ?1.68 to ?0.15, p = 0.019), receiving medical treatment for a mental illness (d = ?0.88, 95% CI = ?1.71 to ?0.04, p = 0.040), as well as having a friend or a family member similarly affected (d = ?0.68, 95% CI = ?1.14 to ?0.22, p = 0.004)), being surrounded by colleagues who are less stigmatising (d = ?0.98, 95% CI = ?1.26 to ?0.70, p < 0.001), providing psychotherapy to patients (d = ?1.14, 95% CI = ?1.63 to ?0.65 p < 0.001), and being open to (d = ?1.69, 95% CI = ?2.53 to ?0.85, p < 0.001) and actively participating in (d = ?0.94, 95% CI = ?1.45 to ?0.42, p < 0.001) case discussion, supervision, or Balint groups. Interpretation: Our study highlights the importance of psychotherapy training, supervision, case discussions and Balint groups in reducing the stigmatising attitudes of psychiatrists toward patients. As the findings represent cross-national predictors, Europe-wide policy interventions, national psychiatric education systems and the management of psychiatric institutions should take these findings into consideration. Funding: National Youth Talent Award ( Ministry of Human Resources, Hungary, (NTP-NFTÖ-20-B-0134). All authors received no funding for their contribution.
Evaluation of post-swallow residue with visual analysis of swallowing efficiency and safety in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease
(Sage Publications Inc, 2023-12) Doruk, Can; Çaytemel, Berkay; Şahin, Erdi; Kara, Hakan; Samancı, Bedia; Abay, Sevinç Nisa; Bilgiç, Başar; Hanağası, Haşmet; Başaran, Bora; Enver, Necati; Rameau, Anais
Objectives: Dysphagia is common in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD) and is associated with impairments in both swallowing safety and swallowing efficiency. The goals of this study were to define post-swallow residue patterns in people with IPD and describe pathophysiological endoscopic findings affecting residue accumulation. Methods: This was a prospective single-blinded cross-sectional cohort study of patients with the diagnosis of IPD recruited from a Movement Disorder Clinic. Clinical variables included patient age, cognitive function, and measures of disease severity, and laryngoscopic examinations with a flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing (FEES) were completed for each patient. Visual Analysis of Swallowing Efficiency and Safety (VASES) was used to analyze FEES. Post-swallow residue outcomes and non-residue endoscopic outcomes including the Bowing index, Penetration Aspiration Scale (PAS) score, premature leakage, and build-up phenomenon were evaluated. Multiple regression models were used to evaluate factors affecting the residue at different anatomic levels. Results: Overall 53 patients completed the study. The multiple regression analyses showed a relation between (1) the presence of residue at the level of oropharynx and epiglottis with premature leakage, (2) the presence of residue at the level of the laryngeal vestibule and vocal folds with build-up phenomenon, and (3) the presence of residue at the level of the hypopharynx, laryngeal vestibule, and subglottis with airway invasion. Conclusion: Residue pattern during FEES is associated with specific swallow dysfunctions in IPD. Using residue localization and quantification may be a helpful tool in assessing the impact of targeted swallowing interventions in patients with IPD and dysphagia.
The effect of SARS-CoV-2 virus on resting-state functional connectivity during adolescence: Investigating brain correlates of psychotic-like experiences and SARS-CoV-2 related inflammation response
(Elsevier Ireland Ltd, 2023-12) Yılmaz Kafalı, Helin; Daşgın, Hacer; Şahin Çevik, Didenur; Sozan, Sara Sinem; Oğuz, Kader K.; Mutlu, Müge; Özkaya Parlakay, Aslınur; Toulopoulou, Timothea
We first aimed to investigate resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) differences between adolescents exposed to SARS-CoV-2 and healthy controls. Secondly, the moderator effect of PLEs on group differences in rs-FC was examined. Thirdly, brain correlates of inflammation response during acute SARS-CoV-2 infection were investigated. Eighty-two participants aged between 14 and 24 years (SARS-CoV-2 (n = 35), controls (n = 47)) were examined using rs-fMRI. Seed-based rs-FC analysis was performed. The positive subscale of Community Assessment of Psychotic Experiences-42 (CAPE-Pos) was used to measure PLEs. The SARS-CoV-2 group had a lesser rs-FC within sensorimotor network (SMN), central executive network (CEN) and language network (LN), but an increased rs-FC within visual network (VN) compared to controls. No significant differences were detected between the groups regarding CAPE-Pos-score. However, including CAPE-Pos as a covariate, we found increased rs-FC within CEN and SN in SARS-CoV-2 compared to controls. Among the SARS-CoV-2 group, neutrophil/lymphocyte and thrombocyte*neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio was correlated with decreased/increased FC within DMN and SN, and increased FC within CEN. Our results showed rs-FC alterations within the SMN, CEN, LN, and VN among adolescents exposed to SARS-CoV-2. Moreover, changes in rs-FC associated with PLEs existed in these adolescents despite the absence of clinical changes. Furthermore, inflammation response was correlated with alterations in FC within the triple network system.
The effect of psychotic proneness and psychopathy on theory of mind
(Wiley, 2024-02) Atakan, Begüm; Yıldırım, Elif
This study aimed to investigate the interaction between positive psychotic experiences and psychopathic traits on the theory of mind in a non-clinical sample. The results showed that distinct constructs of psychopathy can lead to distinct theory of mind profiles when interacting with psychotic proneness.
Psychological distress of breast cancer survivors during the Covid-19 pandemic and related factors: a controlled study
(KARE Publication, 2023-07) Taş, Beyza; Anuk, Dilek; Akçinar Yayla, Berna
OBJECTIVE: Although the prevalence of breast cancer is high among women, survival rates are increasing. How-ever, breast cancer survivors (BCS) continue to experience various psychological problems after their treatments and are also exposed to additional stressors, such as the current Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The aim of this study was to examine the psychological distress and related factors (social support, intolerance of uncertainty, coping strategies) of BCS during the COVID-19 pandemic and the role of breast cancer diagnosis in this process. METHODS: This study included 95 BCS and 87 healthy women. Sociodemographic Information Form and depression anxiety stress scale, social support scale, intolerance of uncertainty scale, and coping strategies short form scales were administered to the participants. T tests and regression analyses were performed to examine the relationships between the variables. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of depression and anxiety, but the stress of BCS was lower than that of healthy women. In the regression analysis, the diagnosis of breast cancer was not a predictor for depression and anxiety, but it was a significant predictor for stress. Com-mon predictors of increased depression, anxiety, and stress were decreased social support, increased uncertainty intolerance, and increased emotion-focused coping. CONCLUSION: Focusing on the development of intolerance of uncertainty, social support, and problem-focused coping strategies of psychological interventions for women BCS during epidemics such as COVID-19 may reduce their psychological distress while maintaining and increasing their psychological well-being.
An investigation of affective personality traits in Alzheimer’s disease: seeking as a possible predictor for early-stage Alzheimer’s dementia
(Routledge, 2023-09) Soncu Büyükişcan, Ezgi; Yıldırım, Elif; Demirtaş Tatlıdede, Aslı; Bilgiç, Başar; Gürvit, Hakan
Objective: The aim of the current study was to investigate affective personality traits in Alzheimer’s disease, a neurodegenerative condition mainly characterized by episodic memory impairment. Method: The sample included 69 participants from 3 diagnostic categories. Twenty-five participants were diagnosed with subjective cognitive impairment (SCI), 26 participants were diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment of the amnestic type (aMCI), and the remaining 18 participants were diagnosed with early-stage Alzheimer’s dementia (ADD). Diagnostic labels were given as a result of detailed neurological, neuropsychological, and neuroradiological assessment. Affective personality traits were assessed via Affective Neuroscience Personality Scales (ANPS). Results: The only significant intergroup difference was obtained for the SEEKING subscale of ANPS. Here, ADD group scored significantly lower compared to the SCI group. The results of logistic regression analysis also indicated that SEEKING score successfully predicted early-stage ADD diagnosis. Conclusion: The results suggest that a specific personality constellation characterized by reduced investment in the outside world might be associated with Alzheimer’s disease, either as a risk factor or a byproduct of the neurodegenerative process initiated by AD pathology.
The effect of the interaction between autistic traits and psychotic proneness on empathy: a cross-sectional study with a non-clinical sample
(Emerald Publishing, 2023-11-08) Yıldırım, Elif
Purpose: Recent evidence indicates an improving effect of the co-occurrence of autistic traits and psychotic symptoms on social cognition, but there is no agreement on the effect of the interaction between autistic traits and psychotic proneness on empathy. The aim of this study is to examine the effect of the interaction between autistic traits and positive psychotic experiences on cognitive and affective empathy. Design/methodology/approach: The sample consisted of 420 adults aged between 18 and 60. Assessments were administered anonymously online. Empathic abilities were evaluated by the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI). While Autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) was applied to measure autistic traits, The Community Assessment of Psychic Experience (CAPE) was used as a measurement of positive psychotic experiences. Findings: A series of regression analyses showed that although AQ and CAPE scores were not correlated with cognitive-IRI, the interaction between these scores predicted cognitive-IRI scores. It was found that the personal distress subscale of IRI was significantly associated with AQ, but this relationship was moderated by CAPE scores. Originality/value: These findings provide a different perspective on understanding social cognitive impairments in autism, which may have potential clinical implications. Findings also contribute to explaining the individual differences in empathic abilities.
Spor ve egzersiz psikolojisinde örnek olay (vaka) çalışmaları yazım rehberi
(Bayköse, Nazmi, 2023-06-30) Polat, İlbay Görkem; Keskin, Pakize; Saraç, Hakan
Spor ve egzersiz psikolojisinin gelişiminde spor bilimleri ve psikoloji alanlarının uygulamaları, kavramları ve teorileri önemli bir rol oynamaktadır (Weinberg ve Gould, 2014). Bu bağlamda ele alınan güncel konulardan biri de örnek olay (vaka) çalışmalarıdır (Hemmings ve Holder, 2013). Örnek olay çalışmaları spor ve egzersiz psikolojisi alanında yer alan uygulamacıların ve araştırmacıların deneyimleri, gözlemleri ve araştırmalarının bilimsel bir çerçevede raporlaştırılmasına dayanmaktadır. Uluslararası alan yazında görünürlüğü gittikçe artmakta olan örnek olay çalışmalarının ülkemizde henüz yeterli örneği bulunmamaktadır. Bunun temel sebebinin ise Türkçe alan yazında uygulamacılar ve araştırmacılar için örnek olay çalışmalarının yazımında yararlanabilecekleri bir kaynağın bulunmaması düşünülmektedir. Bu doğrultuda uygulamacıların ve araştırmacıların örnek olayların yazımı veya raporlaştırılması sırasında yararlanacakları bir kaynağın oluşturulması amaçlanmıştır.
Korkunun psikolojik sağlamlık üzerindeki yordayıcı rolü: adil dünya inancı ve sıkıntıya tolerans
(Hayrettin ivgin, 2023-06-27) Kazancı, Dilara; Akçinar, Berna
Bu araştırmada korkunun bireylerin psikolojik sağlamlıkları üzerindeki yordayıcı rolü ile adil dünya inancı ve sıkıntıya dayanma kapasitesi arasındaki ilişkilerin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Korkuyu inceleyen araştırmalarda katılımcılara korkuya neden olan uyaranların genellikle laboratuvar ortamında sunulduğu görülmektedir. Günlük yaşantılarında gerçek bir tehditle karşı karşıya olan bireylerin yer aldığı araştırmalar sayıca azdır. Bu çalışmada Dünya Sağlık Örgütü tarafından birçok kişide yaygın korkuya neden olduğu açıklanan gerçek bir tehdit olan Covid Korkusu ele alınmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemi yaşları 18 ile 66 arasında değişen 300 katılımcıdan (226 kadın, 74 erkek) oluşmaktadır. Araştırmada Covid 19 Korkusu Ölçeği, Sıkıntıya Dayanma Ölçeği ve Adil Dünya İnancı Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmadan elde edilen verilere göre bireylerin korku düzeyleri ile psikolojik sağlamlık düzeyleri arasında negatif yönlü ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir ilişki vardır. Bireylerin korku düzeyi yükseldikçe psikolojik sağlamlık düzeyleri azalmaktadır. Bununla birlikte korku düzeyi psikolojik sağlamlık düzeyini yordamaktadır. Bireylerin sıkıntıya dayanma kapasiteleri ile psikolojik sağlamlık düzeyleri arasında pozitif yönlü ve anlamlı bir ilişki vardır. Bireylerin sıkıntıya dayanma kapasiteleri yükseldikçe psikolojik sağlamlık düzeyleri yükselmektedir ve sıkıntıya dayanma kapasitesi psikolojik sağlamlık düzeyini yordamaktadır. Genel adil dünya inancı ile psikolojik sağlamlık arasındaki ilişki beklenenin aksine negatif yönlü olmuştur. Bu bulgunun pandeminin kaotik yapısı ve bu dönemde şahit olunanlar sonucunda adil dünya inancına sahip bireylerin yaşamış oldukları olası bilişsel çelişki ile ilişkili olduğu düşünülmüştür. Bu konuda daha fazla araştırma yapılması önerilmiştir. Bireylerin psikolojik sağlamlık seviyelerinin cinsiyet ve medeni durumlarına göre farklılaştığı gözlemlenmiştir. Erkeklerin psikolojik sağlamlık düzeyleri kadınlara göre daha yüksektir. Evli katılımcıların psikolojik sağlamlık düzeyleri evli olmayanlara göre daha yüksektir. Araştırma sonuçları ilgili literatür kapsamında tartışılmıştır.
Rumination and the default mode network (DMN): a brain network review
(Denta Florya ADSM Limited Company, 2023-06-01) Koçyiğit Ocak, Buket; Erdoğdu, Emel
Rumination is one of the most common repetitive negative thinking patterns and described as a pathological structure that involves focusing negatively on the past events and their consequences. Two subtypes of rumination are defined, while brooding is considered as an unsuccessful problem-solving attempt focusing on the consequences of depressive symptoms, reflection is considered as a relatively successful problem-solving attempt focusing on the causes of the depressive state. Within the last decade, rumination has been studied by its connection with the activity of the Default Mode Network (DMN), which is known as a structure that connects specific brain regions that increase their activity during the resting state (rs) and was associated with selfreferential thinking, memory and mind wandering. Additionally, a few recent studies suggest that besides the activity within the DMN, some networks working simultaneously with the DMN may also play a significant role in rumination. Therefore, five rs-fMRI (resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging) articles assessing the relationship between rumination and DMN are discussed in this study. These studies show that while the communication of some DMN subsystems are increased during the process of ruminative thinking, some subsystems of DMN seems to communicate less. Moreover, some evidence suggests that DMN synchronization might be impaired in high-trait ruminators. Finally, it has been tried to emphasize the points and suggestions that are valuable for future studies.
Genç ve yaşlı yetişkinlerdeki sosyal medya kullanımının psikolojik iyi oluş üzerindeki etkisi
(Işık Üniversitesi Yayınları, 2023-04-10) Hanbay, Yağmur Hilal; Yıldırım, Elif
Günümüzde sosyal medya (SM), insanların birbirleriyle iletişim ve etkileşimde olmasını sağlayan uygulamalar olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Bununla birlikte, SM’nin bazı olumsuz etkileri de gözlenmeye başlamıştır. Yapılan çalışmalar, SM kullanım sıklığının artmasıyla gençlerde psikolojik belirtilerin de artış gösterebildiği ve bu durumun psikolojik iyi oluşu olumsuz yönde etkileyebileceği yönündedir. Diğer bir taraftan, bilgi ve iletişim teknolojisi yoluyla sosyal etkileşimin yaşlı bireylerde psikolojik iyi oluşu arttırdığı öne sürülmekle birlikte, yaşlı yetişkinlerde SM kullanımının psikolojik iyi oluş üzerindeki etkileri konusunda bir fikir birliği bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmada SM kullanım özelliklerinin genç ve yaşlı yetişkinlerin psikolojik iyi oluşları üzerindeki etkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Nicel bir araştırma olan bu çalışmanın örneklemini 18-25 yaşları arasındaki 112 genç ve 65-85 yaş arasındaki 76 yaşlı yetişkin oluşturmaktadır. Katılımcılara SM Kullanım Formu, Beck Anksiyete Ölçeği, Psikolojik İyi Oluş Ölçeği Kısa Formu ve Beck Depresyon Ölçeği verilmiştir. Yapılan analizler sonucunda kullanım özelliklerinin yaş grupları arasında farklılık gösterdiği ve SM kullanımının psikolojik iyi oluş ile ilişkili olduğu; fakat yaşlı yetişkinlerde ilişkili olmadığı saptanmıştır. Bulgular, SM ve psikolojik iyi oluş arasındaki ilişkide yaşın etkili bir faktör olabileceğine işaret etmektedir. Buna ek olarak, SM kullanımının yaşlı bireylerin psikolojik iyi oluşlarını üzerinde etkisi olmayacağı fakat artmış SM kullanımının gençlerdeki psikolojik iyi oluşu olumsuz yönde etkileyebileceği öne sürülebilir.

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