Öğrenci Yayınları Makale Koleksiyonu

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Understanding AI adoption at organizations: literature review of TOE framework
(Suat Teker, 2025-07-30) Dönmez, Sena; Tuncay Çelikel, Aslı; Soykut Sarıca, Yeşim Pınar; Develi, Evrim İldem
Purpose- In the contemporary business landscape, we are witnessing the rapid development of Artificial Intelligence (AI), which is fundamentally reshaping organizational practices. These developments mark what can be described as the "Era of AI", a significant milestone in technological history. While AI offers benefits, it also presents critical challenges, particularly concerning its adoption and the adaptation processes within organizations. Despite the swift evolution of AI technologies, research on their practical applications in organizational settings remains scarce and underdeveloped. This gap highlights a promising area for further exploration. In alignment with the literature, it can be argued that organizations with higher AI adoption rates tend to achieve better innovation outcomes, which suggests a need to revisit and potentially expand the Technology-Organization-Environment (TOE) paradigm. Originally developed to explain technological adoption/embracement, the TOE framework may not capture the complexities introduced by AI. This study aims to explore whether an expanded TOE paradigm is necessary to better address the contemporary dynamics of AI adoption. Methodology- This research investigates the historical development and consolidation of AI within organizations, using the TOE paradigm as a foundational theoretical look. The study examines whether the existing TOE model sufficiently explains AI adoption or whether it requires augmentation to remain relevant in the age of generative AI. Findings- Literature review findings indicate that the traditional TOE framework exhibits limitations when applied to AI adoption. To address these gaps, another study was found in the literature that proposes the inclusion of a human factor—transforming the TOE into a TOEH (Technology-Organization-Environment-Human) model. In our research we would like to integrate critical thinking (CT) skills under Human Factor, as organizations increasingly seek employees who can critically assess and effectively utilize outputs from generative AI (GenAI) tools. The ability to make intelligent and ethical decisions in the context of AI is now a vital competency. Conclusion- The proposed TOEH framework offers a more well-rounded approach to discovering AI adoption within organizations. By incorporating the human element, particularly critical thinking skills, organizations can better prepare to embrace AI in an ethical, effective, and innovative manner.
The impact of social media and digital marketing on brand awareness and purchasing behavior of millennials in Istanbul
(Suat Teker, 2025-07-30) Obeido, Nour Alhuda; Teker, Suat
Purpose- This study aims to investigate the impact of social media and digital marketing on brand awareness and purchasing behavior of millennials residing in Istanbul. The research focuses on how digital platforms, particularly social media, influence consumer perceptions, shape buying decisions, and foster brand loyalty among this key demographic. Methodology- A quantitative research approach was utilized, employing a structured online questionnaire distributed among 403 millennials in Istanbul. Data collection was based on validated scales measuring perceived product quality, product perception, brand recall, brand recognition, and purchasing behavior. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and multiple regression analysis through SPSS version 21 to determine the relationship between brand awareness measures and purchasing behavior. Findings- The results reveal that perceived product quality, product perception, brand recall, and brand recognition all have a significant positive impact on the purchasing behavior of millennials. The analysis showed no significant differences in purchasing behavior according to gender, age, or education. The findings highlight that millennials are highly influenced by digital marketing strategies and social media campaigns, which enhance brand awareness and drive purchase decisions. Conclusion- The research concludes that social media and digital marketing play a critical role in shaping brand awareness and influencing the purchasing decisions of millennials. Brands that focus on effective digital marketing strategies and active social media engagement are more likely to increase customer loyalty and boost sales among this demographic. The study suggests that digital marketers should develop creative and targeted content, collaborate with influencers, and leverage data analytics to further enhance engagement with millennials.
Michel Foucault’nun “Öznel” ve “Yeni” kavramları ışığında “Las Meninas” ve “Narcissus”a bakış
(Işık Üniversitesi Yayınları, 2025-07-25) Karakaya, Deniz
Bu araştırmada, Michel Foucault’nun felsefesinde, özne ve iktidar ilişkileri ekseninde, öznel deneyimin hâkim söylem aracılığıyla kurularak bireyi tanımlaması ve özgürlüğü sınırlandırması olgusu ele alınmıştır. Foucault’nun, insanın, siyasi boyutları ile tarihsel olarak dayatılan kimliklerden sıyrılarak özgürlüğünü geri kazanabilmesi için önerdiği; karşı özneleşme ile yeni söylemler inşa etme ve yeni öznellikler kurma düşüncesi incelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda, resmedildiği çağda bir söylem değişikliğine neden olan, Foucault’nun da hakkında yazdığı Diego Velázquez’in Las Meninas eserinin, Pablo Picasso ve Salvador Dalí tarafından yeniden üretilmeleri, betimsel ve yoruma dayalı bir yaklaşımla çözümlenmiştir. Araştırmada, klasikleşmiş bir sanat eseri olan Las Meninas’ın, yorumlandığı çağın sanat anlayışının söylemi doğrultusunda yeniden kurularak; karşı özneleşmesini ve yeni bir öznellik sürecini nasıl gerçekleştirdiğinin, Foucault’nun felsefesine dayanan teorik çerçevede ilişkilendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Text-to-SQL: a methodical review of challenges and models
(TÜBİTAK, 2024-05-20) Kanburoğlu, Ali Buğra; Tek, Faik Boray
This survey focuses on Text-to-SQL, automated translation of natural language queries into SQL queries. Initially, we describe the problem and its main challenges. Then, by following the PRISMA systematic review methodology, we survey the existing Text-to-SQL review papers in the literature. We apply the same method to extract proposed Text-to-SQL models and classify them with respect to used evaluation metrics and benchmarks. We highlight the accuracies achieved by various models on Text-to-SQL datasets and discuss execution-guided evaluation strategies. We present insights into model training times and implementations of different models. We also explore the availability of Text-to-SQL datasets in non-English languages. Additionally, we focus on large language model (LLM) based approaches for the Text-to-SQL task, where we examine LLM-based studies in the literature and subsequently evaluate the LLMs on the cross-domain Spider dataset. Finally, we conclude with a discussion of future directions for Text-to-SQL research, identifying potential areas of improvement and advancements in this field.
Analyst-aware incident assignment in security operations centers: a multi-factor prioritization and optimization framework
(Uğur Şen, 2025-07-15) Kılınçdemir, Eyüp Can; Çeliktaş, Barış
In this paper, we propose a comprehensive and scalable framework for incident assignment and prioritization in Security Operations Centers (SOCs). The proposed model aims to optimize SOC workflows by addressing key operational challenges such as analyst fatigue, alert overload, and inconsistent incident handling. Our framework evaluates each incident using a multi-factor scoring model that incorporates incident severity, service-level agreement (SLA) urgency, incident type, asset criticality, threat intelligence indicators, frequency of repetition, and a correlation score derived from historical incident data. We formalize this evaluation through a set of mathematical functions that compute a dynamic incident score and derive incident complexity. In parallel, analyst profiles are quantified using Analyst Load Factor (ALF) and Experience Match Factor (EMF), two novel metrics that account for both workload distribution and expertise alignment. The incident–analyst matching process is expressed as a constrained optimization problem, where the final assignment score is computed by balancing incident priority with analyst suitability. This formulation enables automated, real-time assignment of incidents to the most appropriate analysts, while ensuring both operational fairness and triage precision. The model is validated using algorithmic pseudocode, scoring tables, and a simplified case study, which illustrates the realworld applicability and decision logic of the framework in large-scale SOC environments. To validate the framework under real-world conditions, an empirical case study was conducted using 10 attack scenarios from the CICIDS2017 benchmark dataset. Overall, our contributions lie in the formalization of a dual-factor analyst scoring scheme and the integration of contextual incident features into an adaptive, rule-based assignment framework. To further strengthen operational value, future work will explore adaptive weighting mechanisms and integration with real-time SIEM pipelines. Additionally, feedback loops and supervised learning models will be incorporated to continuously refine analyst-incident matching and prioritization.
Narsisizme dair bir inceleme: Peter Sellers’ın hayatı ve ölümü
(Dünya Kongre, 2025-06-30) Güngör, Ayşenur
Bu makalede, 20. yüzyılın ilk çeyreğinde dünyaya gözlerini açmış ünlü İngiliz komedyen Peter Sellers’ın hayatı, kariyeri ve hayat verdiği karakterleri anlatan 2004 yapımı “Peter Sellers’ın Doğumu ve Ölümü” filmi, narsisizme dair çağının öncüsü kuramlar çerçevesinden ele alınmıştır. Tiyatro kökenli bir aileden gelen Peter Sellers’ın kariyeri BBC radyosunda, Britanya’nın politik tutumunu, diplomasiyi ve ekonomiyi gerçek üstü bir mizah ekseninde ele alan bir tür komedi-varyete programıyla başlamış, ardından sinemayla ve adından çokça bahsettiren filmlerle devam etmiştir. Ünlü Pembe Panter (Pink Panther) filminde sakarlıklarına rağmen olayları bir şekilde tesadüfen çözmeyi başarabilen Müfettiş Clouseau karakteriyle büyük bir şöhret yakalayan Sellers; bu başarısının ardından daha pek çok meşhur filmde rol almıştır. Bu makale temelde iki bölümden oluşmaktadır. Peter Sellers’ın kısa hayat hikayesi ardından, Freud sonrası Kohut, Kernberg, Winnicott ve Lacan gibi çağdaş kuramcıların narsisizme dair teorik perspektifine yer verilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Freud sonrası çağdaş kuramcıların narsisizm kuramlarından yola çıkarak betimleyici bir içerik analizi oluşturmaktır.
Perceived paternal acceptance-rejection as a mediator of the association between perceived maternal acceptance-rejection and psychological adjustment: effect of gender
(Turkish Psychological Counseling and Guidance Association, 2025-06-30) Olgaç, Duygu; Gürsoy, Burak Emre; Şırvanlı Özen, Dilek
The present study explores the mediating role of perceived paternal acceptancerejection on the association between perceived maternal acceptance-rejection and psychological adjustment and its gender-related facets among 551 secondary school students aged 11 to 15. Results suggest paternal acceptance-rejection partially mediates this relationship for both genders, impacting positive selfadequacy, emotional responsiveness, and positive worldview. It partially mediates hostility and emotional stability for females and fully mediates for males. However, it does not affect self-esteem for either gender.
Emotional self-efficacy level of employees as an antecedent to emergence of pro social behavior to increase coping capacity of organizations during times of turmoil: a literature review
(Genç Bilge Yayıncılık, 2025-06-30) Akaiso, Emmanuel
In today's unpredictable business environment, organizations face challenges that impact their stability. This study explores how emotional self-efficacy influences prosocial behavior, enhancing an organization’s coping capacity during turmoil. A literature review was conducted using various databases to analyze primary and secondary sources on these concepts. Findings suggest that employees with high emotional self-efficacy exhibit greater prosocial behavior, which strengthens organizational resilience. Factors such as work climate, moral identity, and interpersonal relationships shape this behavior. The study contributes to organizational behavior by informing strategies to improve employee well-being, collaboration, and crisis management, fostering long-term organizational effectiveness.
Impacts of cross-border e-commerce on growth of Turkish SMEs
(Suat Teker, 2024-12-31) Orman, Irmak; Teker, Suat
Purpose- Cross-border e-commerce has emerged as a critical enabler for the globalization of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), particularly in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic. This study explores the transformative impact of digital marketplaces, innovative payment systems, and logistics advancements on the internationalization of Turkish SMEs. Leveraging a mixed-methods approach, the research combines quantitative data analysis with qualitative insights from industry stakeholders. The findings highlight the significant role of platforms such as Amazon and Alibaba in reducing market entry barriers, the importance of secure digital payment systems in fostering trust, and the contribution of logistics innovations to the growth of small-package exports. By aligning with global consumer trends and leveraging digital tools, Turkish SMEs can overcome traditional trade barriers, enhance competitiveness, and access broader markets. The study concludes with strategic recommendations for policymakers and SMEs, emphasizing the need for regulatory support and investment in digital infrastructure to maximize the benefits of cross-border e-commerce. Methodology- The study was carried with a mixed-methods approach. Quantitative Analysis: Data from the Turkish Statistical Institute, Turkish Exporters Assembly (TİM), and global e-commerce platforms were analyzed to track export trends, marketplace performance, and consumer behavior. Qualitative Insights: Interviews with SME owners, e-commerce experts, and policymakers provided in-depth perspectives on challenges and opportunities. And as case studies, Successful Turkish SMEs from sectors like textiles and food were examined to identify strategies for internationalization. Findings- The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly accelerated e-commerce adoption in Turkey, leading to substantial growth in online spending and reshaping various sectors of the economy. Below are some of the main findings; platform Impact, global marketplaces significantly increase SME visibility and reduce market entry barriers; digital payment systems, enable secure, efficient transactions, fostering trust among international customers; small package exports, innovations in logistics, such as faster shipping, have fueled SME participation in global trade; post-Covid consumer behavior, the pandemic accelerated global e-commerce adoption, creating new opportunities for Turkish SMEs. Conclusion- Cross-border e-commerce represents a transformative opportunity for Turkish SMEs, enabling them to overcome traditional barriers and compete effectively in global markets. By leveraging digital platforms, payment innovations, and logistics advancements, SMEs can drive growth, internationalization, and competitiveness. Strategic support from policymakers will be crucial in maximizing the potential of this digital trade revolution.
Psikolojik istismar ve sağlık davranışları arasında duygusal özerkliğin ve öz-şefkatin aracı rolü
(Erciyes Üniversitesi, 2024-12-27) Canbaz, Cansu; Ünver, Buket
Araştırmanın amacı ergenlerin ebeveynlerinden algıladıkları psikolojik istismar ve sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları arasındaki ilişkide duygusal özerkliğin ve öz şefkatin aracı rolünü incelemektir. Çalışma kartopu ve uygun örnekleme yöntemleriyle 14-18 yaş aralığındaki 217 ergen ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmanın veri toplama araçları sırasıyla; araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan Sosyodemografik Bilgi Formu, Psikolojik İstismar Ölçeği, Adolesan Yaşam Biçimi Ölçeği, Duygusal Özerklik Ölçeği ve Öz Şefkat Ölçeği Kısa Formu şeklindedir. Yapılan Spearman korelasyon analizi sonuçlarına göre mevcut çalışmanın tüm değişkenleri arasında anlamlı ilişkiler bulunmuştur. Yapılan aracı değişken analiz sonucuna göre ise duygusal özerkliğin ve öz şefkatin algılanan psikolojik istismar ve sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları arasındaki ilişkide tam aracı bir etkiye sahip olduğu saptanmıştır. Bu çalışma, psikolojik istismarın olumsuz etkileriyle mücadelede duygusal özerklik ve öz şefkatin koruyucu rollerini ortaya koyarak, bu özelliklerin ergenlerin olumlu sağlık davranışlarına yönelmelerine olanak tanıdığını vurgulamaktadır. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışma ergenlerde psikolojik istismarın bireyin sağlıklı gelişimine yönelik etkilerini anlamada katkı sağlamakta ve koruyucu, önleyici müdahale programları için önemli ipuçları sunmaktadır.
Sürdürülebilirlik performansının borsa performansına etkisi
(Suat Teker, 2024-07-30) Onat Çakmak, Aslı; Çalış, Yıldırım Ercan
Amaç- ESG Skorlarının firmaların finansal ve borsa performanslarını ne ölçüde etkilediği son yıllarda yapılan araştırmalarda öne çıkan konulardan biri olmuştur. Bu çalışmanın temel amacı ESG Skorlarının firmaların finansal ve borsa performanslarını ne ölçüde etkilediği, ESG Skoru 70 puan üzeri ve 70 puan altı firmaların ESG Skorlarının borsa performanslarına etkisinin bulunup bulunmadığını tespit etmektir. ESG Skoru sınırlamasının 70 alınmasının nedeni 70 puan alan işletme raporlamasının mükemmel olduğu derecelendirilmesidir. Yapılan bu çalışmanın literatüre sağlayacağı katkı, yatırımcılara yatırım kararları alırken bilgi sunmaktır. Yöntem- Bu çalışmada BIST Sürdürülebilirlik endeksine dahil olan firmaların 2022 ESG Skorları ile firmaların borsa performansları incelenmiştir. ESG Skorları ile borsa performansı karşılaştırılırken verilerin normal dağılımlı olmaması nedeni ile parametrik olmayan korelasyon testi olan Spearman korelasyon (rho) analizi yapılmıştır. ESG Skoru 70 üzeri olan firmalar ile ESG Skoru 70 ve altında olan firmaların analizi yapılırken iki bağımsız grup t-testi karşılaştırması yapılmıştır. Veriler normal dağılım göstermediği için parametrik olmayan Mann Whitney U testi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular- ESG Skorlarının borsa performansına etkisini incelemek için yapmış olduğumuz araştırmada verilerini kullandığımız Borsa İstanbul’da faaliyet gösteren ve 2019-2022 tarihleri arasında BIST Sürdürülebilirlik endeksine girmiş tüm işletmelerin 2022 ESG Skorları analize dahil edilmiştir. Analize dahil edilen işletmelerin ana sektörleri Tablo 6’da, alt sektörleri de Tablo 7’de verilmiştir. Sonuç- İşletmelerin sürdürülebilirlik performanslarının finansal performanslarına etkileri zaman alacak konulardandır. Her geçen yıl BIST Sürdürülebilirlik endeksine giren firma sayısı artmaktadır. Bu artış ile sürdürülebilirlik kavramının önemi daha iyi anlaşılmakta ve yayılmaktadır. Bu araştırma geniş örneklem ve farklı sektörler arası kıyaslamalarında yapılmasına olanak sağlamıştır.
Export potential of Turkish SMEs
(Suat Teker, 2024-07-30) Teker, Suat; Teker, Dilek; Orman, Irmak
Purpose- Digital channels are gaining more and more share from trade and commerce, especially after Covid 19 pandemic. People have adopted to online buying and marketplaces became important retailing tools for manufacturers. E-commerce is rising not only in closed commercial areas but also across different countries, even continents with developments in cross-border e-commerce. Governments, global digital platforms, consumer habits are creating and supporting the demand of buying online from anywhere and numbers are showing that this creates an opportunity for Turkish businesses to become exporters. This study aims to highlight the potential for small and medium sized businesses in Turkey to become exporters. Methodology- The study examines historical export growth data of Turkey in detail using secondary data. The historical data is used to make a projection for future and highlight the potential of growth for Turkish SMEs. Current marketplace platforms’ business models are also examined and carefully analyzed to present an understanding of the potential business models. Findings- The numbers are showing that Turkish exports are growing in Europe and USA. Capex heavy industries have the highest share among the exports but e-commerce is also growing. Some industries like textile, jewellry and small appliences has a higher growth potential withing cross border e-commerce. Conclusion- Adoption to online retail is getting higher and higher. More people are buying from online marketplaces and the origin of the transaction is losing its importance with one-day deliveries. It is important to open shops not only physical but also on different platforms. It is easier for business owners to sell across the world and become exporters. By having international customers, businesses distribute regional risks and also become financially stronger. It is important for Turkish SMEs to understand their risks and seek international growth opportunities, such as doing exports. Turkey’s unique geographical location is a very important asset but Turkish businesses should keep in mind that all international producers are now seeking opportunities to create through online platforms.
Ageism and glass ceiling: barriers to advancement for women in Turkish banking
(Suat Teker, 2024-07-30) Dönmez, Sena; Tuncay Çelikel, Aslı
Purpose- The Turkish banking industry is known for its dynamism, where customer issues demand swift resolution, decisions must be made expeditiously, and employees are persistently pressured to meet targets. This engenders a highly stressful and demanding work environment. This paper examines the role of ageism in this industry, emphasising how gender and age-related biases intensify the “glass ceiling” as a chronic syndrome for employees. The objective of the research is to comprehend the impact of these biases on women across different age groups. Methodology- In-depth interviews were conducted with 20 female banking employees in Istanbul, Turkey. The participants included managers and branch employees from 16 different banks. A convenient sampling method was employed, and participants were invited to respond to open-ended questions regarding their experiences and motivations. Findings- The banking sector is characterised by a high level of stress, tight deadlines and the pressure to achieve key performance indicators (KPIs), which can have a significant impact on the well-being of women employees across all age groups. The study revealed a generational divide in motivations and expectations. Younger women prioritised favourable work conditions and salary, while senior women expressed a desire for early retirement due to burnout. Despite this, women of all age groups articulated a desire for career advancement and recognition, underscoring the pivotal role of managerial support and transparent expectations for future success. While extrinsic rewards remained a primary motivator, intrinsic rewards also played a role. Additionally, generational differences in expectations regarding motivation were observed. Conclusion- The dissolution of the glass ceiling necessitates the creation of an environment wherein individuals from disparate generational cohorts are able to provide mutual support, and age-based discriminatory practices are reduced. The acknowledgement and remuneration of employees’ competencies and expertise, in conjunction with the promotion of collaborative endeavours, can facilitate the development of a more equitable and nurturing work environment.
Paternal acceptance as a mediator of the association between maternal acceptance and youth’s personality disposition
(Onur Alp Kayabaşı, 2024-06-30) Olgaç, Duygu; Şirvanlı Özen, Dilek
Drawing upon interpersonal acceptance-rejection theory (IPARTheory), the present study aims to explore the associations between perceived maternal acceptance and the seven personality dispositions most central to the theory (hostility, dependence, self-esteem, selfadequacy, emotional responsiveness, emotional stability, worldview), as well as the possible mediating role of paternal acceptance. Data were collected from 551 Turkish children (50.6% boys) aged 11 through 15 (M=12.78 years) using a random sampling method. Results showed that both maternal and paternal acceptance were significant predictors of six of the seven personality dispositions most central in IPARTheory (low hostility, positive self-esteem, positive self-adequacy, emotional responsiveness, emotional stability, and positive worldview). Additionally, results showed that paternal acceptance partially mediated the association between maternal acceptance and low hostility, positive self-adequacy, emotional responsiveness, emotional stability, and positive worldview.
Obsesif kompulsif bozuklukta göz-izleme teknolojisi kullanımı
(Işık Üniversitesi Yayınları, 2024-10-31) Okandan, Buse; Erdoğdu, Emel
Obsesif-kompulsif bozukluk (OKB), bireylerin iş, sosyal ve aile yaşantılarında ciddi problemlere yol açan, işlevselliklerini sınırlayan obsesyonlar ve kompulsiyonlarla karakterize edilen bir bozukluktur. OKB, psikolojik ve bedensel semptomlara ek olarak bilişsel işlevlerde de bozulmalara neden olabilmektedir. Bu bozuklukların temel nedenlerini anlamak ve uygun tedavi yöntemleri geliştirmek amacıyla kullanılan araştırma yöntemleri, teknolojinin ilerlemesiyle birlikte çeşitlenmektedir. Son yıllarda bilişsel işlevleri (dikkat, tepki ketleme, görsel-uzamsal yetenekler gibi ) incelemede etkili bir araç olarak görülen göz-izleme teknolojisi bu alanda giderek yaygınlaşmaktadır. Göz-izleme teknolojisi, göz konumu, hareketleri ve göz bebeği değişimlerini ölçme yeteneğine sahiptir. Bu çalışma, OKB’de göz-izleme yönteminin kullanımını ele alan güncel literatürdeki araştırmaları incelemektedir. 2010 ve Eylül 2024 tarihleri arasında yayınlanmış çalışmalara erişmek için Google Akademik, Pubmed, EBSCO EDS, Cambridge Journals gibi veri tabanlarında, Obsesif-Kompulsif Bozukluk, Eye-Tracking, Gözİzleme gibi terimler kullanılarak arama yapılmıştır. Derleme, göz izleme cihazları kullanarak OKB'de çeşitli bilişsel işlevleri ölçen 14 makaleyi içermektedir. Sonuçlar, göz-izleme teknolojisinin OKB’nin heterojen yapısına bağlı araştırma zorluklarını aşmada etkili olabileceğini, daha objektif veriler sağladığını ve geleneksel nöropsikolojik testlerle elde edilen bulguları desteklediğini göstermektedir.
The development and the policies of health systems in Türkiye and Saudi Arabia: a comparative study (1960-2020)
(Işık Üniversitesi Yayınları, 2025-04-30) Alekhwan, Tasnim
This study sought to compare Saudi Arabia's and Türkiye's health systems from 1960 to 2020. A comparative approach was used, using historical data, such as demographic information, life expectancy, infant mortality rate, urban and rural population, and the number of health professionals and individuals per health professional. The budgets of the Ministry of Health were also reviewed. The state budget, gross domestic product, the number of hospitals and beds, and their distribution between each country's private and public sectors are also analyzed. The study reached several conclusions, including that Türkiye and Saudi Arabia have made major changes in health care to make it better and more accessible over the past 60 years. The way health care is paid for differs, as Türkiye has a universal system, and Saudi Arabia uses public and private insurance. Access to health care services has become easier now in both countries, but there are still problems in obtaining affordable and available treatment. Improving the quality of health care and maintaining patient safety are important focuses in both countries. They are investing in new infrastructure and technology. Health care systems in Türkiye and Saudi Arabia have their unique characteristics.
2000 sonrası Türk sinemasında kadına şiddetin değerlendirilmesi
(Hayrettin İvgin, 2025-06-24) Kazancı, Dilara
2000’li yılların başlangıcı bir yandan kadınlara yeni hukuksal hakların tanındığı, diğer yandan kadına yönelik şiddet, kadınların iş gücüne katılımı gibi sorunların öne çıktığı bir dönem olmuştur. Kadınlar için toplumsal açıdan hem olumlu hem de olumsuz değişimleri barındıran 2000 ile 2016 yılları arasına odaklanılan bu çalışmada, kadına yönelik şiddetin izleyici sayısı milyonları aşan popüler Türk filmlerinde nasıl sunulduğunun çözümlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda gişe rakamlarına göre en fazla izleyiciye ulaşan 100 film içerik (doküman) analizi yöntemiyle değerlendirilmiştir. Filmlerde kadın karakterlerin maruz kaldığı fiziksel, duygusal, cinsel ve ekonomik şiddet türleri incelenmiş ve davranışsal göstergeler üzerinden kodlanarak analiz edilmiştir. Filmlerde karakterlerin şiddet gördükleri ya da uyguladıkları mekanlar, ‘kamusal alan’ ve ‘özel alan’ ayrımıyla belirlenmiştir. Araştırmanın sonuçları, 100 filmin 83’ünde kadın karakterlerin, fiziksel, duygusal, cinsel ve ekonomik şiddet türlerinden bir veya birkaçına maruz kaldığını göstermiştir. İncelenen filmlerde en yaygın biçimde temsil edilen şiddet türünün duygusal şiddet olduğu belirlenmiştir. Duygusal şiddet %80’lik oranla, fiziksel (%38), cinsel (%14) ve ekonomik şiddetin (%7) toplamından (%59) fazladır. Filmlerde kadın karakterlere şiddet uygulayan kişiler sıklıkla partnerleri (%25) ya da eski partnerleri (%13) olmuştur. Kadınlara şiddet uygulayan kişiler arasında, erkek iş arkadaşlarının (%13) ikinci sırada gelmesi dikkat çekmiştir. Kadınların kamusal alanlarda şiddete maruz kalma oranlarının (%41) özel alanlara (%21) göre daha yüksek olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Kadınların maruz kaldıkları ve uyguladıkları şiddet karşılaştırılmalı olarak incelendiğinde cinsel ve ekonomik şiddet oranlarındaki farkların, duygusal ve fiziksel şiddet oranlarındaki farklara göre daha yüksek olduğu görülmüştür.
Healthy lifestyle behaviors of university students: the role of sense of coherence and family health climate
(Dokuz Eylul University, 2025-01-31) Cerrahoğlu, Ece; Ünver, Buket; Ülkümen, İpek
Purpose: This study aims to examine the predictive role of individual sense of coherence, family sense of coherence and family health climate variables on university students' healthy lifestyle behaviors. Material and Methods: The sample of the study consisted of 371 university students aged 18-25. Sociodemographic Information Form, Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors Scale, Sense of Coherence Scale, Family Sense of Coherence Scale, Family Health Climate Scale were applied to the participants in order to collect the research data. Correlation analysis, independent two-sample t-test, one-way ANOVA test and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results: According to the results of correlation analysis, a positive relationship was found between healthy lifestyle behaviors and individual sense of coherence, family sense of coherence and family health climate (p<.05). As a result of the multiple linear hierarchical regression analysis, after controlling for the sex variable, individual sense of coherence and family health climate variables significantly predicted healthy lifestyle behaviors (p<.05), while family sense of coherence had no significant predictive role on healthy lifestyle behaviors (p>.05). Conclusion: The findings show that individual sense of coherence, family sense of coherence and family health climate variables are essential on university students' healthy lifestyle behaviors. The sense of coherence provides significant protection in adopting health behaviors that will determine future health and well-being. Similarly, increasing healthy living practices within the family is of great importance for young people to adopt healthy lifestyle behaviors.
Tracing the evolution of ecommerce: historical foundations, impacts of the pandemic, and future directions
(Bayburt Üniversitesi, 2025-01-29) Örendil, Emre
Electronic commerce, or ecommerce, has been a topic of interest particularly in the last years. While ecommerce activities are notably facilitated today, it has gone through notably different forms since its first seeds were planted. The COVID-19 pandemic was a crisis for most businesses but also an opportunity for some, especially for those who were able to pivot or transform their businesses with respect to the new needs of consumers. With the positive impact of the pandemic on ecommerce sector observed especially as of the second quarter of 2020, its trend has surpassed the expectations. This overperformance came with numerous sceptical questions about the future of ecommerce. This study investigates the historical evolution, pandemic-induced transformations, and future trends of ecommerce. It conveys a compilation of milestones through systematic literature review with a focus on the practicality. This paper provides with a timeline of the ecommerce history to bridge its evolution in the last 80 years by visualizing the phases it has been through along with its anticipated trend in the upcoming years. The studied data reveals how COVID-19 accelerated ecommerce growth and highlights its implications for global retail. The growth of ecommerce may slow down but it will endure its growth as online shopping has already become an indispensable habit.
A qualitative study of women employees in banking regarding the context of gender inequality and the glass ceiling syndrome
(Işık Üniversitesi Yayınları, 2025-04-30) Dönmez, Sena; Tuncay Çelikel, Aslı
In this research, we aim to address the glass ceiling syndrome arising from inequalities in business due to individual and environmental pressures, focusing on understanding the barriers women employees face in advancing their careers. The theoretical framework is based on theories that explain gender dynamics, including gender role conformity, human capital, statistical discrimination, career ladder barriers, social exclusion, social closure, and gendered organizations. Mismatched preferences, conflict, boundary management, attribution biases, stereotypes, feminist approaches, and capability-based theories also support this framework. A country-specific analysis was conducted by examining the history of women’s labor force participation. Using convenience sampling, in-depth interviews were conducted with 20 white-collar female bank employees across 16 banks. Content analysis was used to explore the perceptions of female employees regarding the glass ceiling in the sector. The primary challenges hindering women’s advancement include stereotypical perceptions, sticky floors rooted in social roles, mismatched aspirations, ageism, communication conflicts, managerial biases based on marital status, and discomfort in the workplace. Future-oriented solutions are provided by exploring root causes. Managers must recognize that motherhood does not inherently impede women’s Professional capabilities. Comprehensive training and awareness programs are crucial for management and female employees to address the sticky floor phenomenon.

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